Cylinder lock



May 15, 1923:

E. EPSTEIN CYLINDER LOCK Filed Jan. 26 1923 Il( WiL-sw Patented May 15, 1,923.

UNiTED STATES) 'PATENT OFFICE.

ELI ErsTEIN, OESTAMEOEE, eONNEcTroUT, AssrGNoR TOTHE YALE a TOWNE MANU- EACTUEING COMPANY, or sTAMEoRD, CONNECTICUT.

GYLINDEE LOOK.

Application led January 26, 1923. SerialfNo. 615,098.

To all 107mm z't may cof/zoem:

Be it known that I, Enr EPSTEIN, a'citizen of the United States, and a' resident of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder Locks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains t0 make and use the same.

, This invention relates to improvements in cylinder locks and particularly to those of the pin tumbler type, one vobject of the invention'being to providesimple and elicient means to prevent operation of a lock without the use of .a proper key.

, A further object is to provide, in a pin tumbler lock, means which will efectually secure the plug of the lock against turning movement and thus .prevent such ,rotary movement of the plug which is necessary to obtain the side pressure on the pins while vattempting to pick the pins up to their unlocking position with the use of a picking tool.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certainnovel ,features and combinations of parts as hereinafter' set forth and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a pin tumbler lock embodying my improvements, with the parts inthe positions which they will assume when a proper key is inserted into the plug.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the parts in the positions which they assume normally when the key is not in place.

Figure 3 is a rear end view.

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary Atransverse section onthe line 4-4 of Figure 2. p v

' Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section illustrating positions which the parts assume when the pin arel in unlocking relations.

Figure 6is a view similar to Figure 5 showing normal positions of the parts when the'pins are in locked relation.

Figure 7 is an enlarged view in elevation showing the plu' of the lock with the locking lever mounted t erein. v

Figure 8 is an enlarged view showing the ymunicating with the key-slot l5 for plug, slide plate and cover plate for the latter, separated, and v Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the lookin lever.

The shell o a cylinder lock isrepresented at 1 and the plug thereof at 2,--the former being provided with sockets for'the accommodation of driver pins 3 and their springs i 4, and the plug 2 is made with openings comthe accommodation of pin tumblers 6. I

The plug 2 of the lock is provided with an elongated recess 7 which receives a slide plate 8 having holes 9 for theaccommod'ation of the pin tumblers 6 and their drivers 3. This slide plate is` guided between the bottom of 'the recess and a cover plate 10, the latter being fitted in a suitably shaped recess in the plug.` In the present instance the pin tumblers are provided near their upper ends with annular grooves 11, the Walls of`which are curved transversely as clearly shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6.

The rear end of the lock lplug 2 is proi vided at respective sides of the key-slot ,5- with parallel grooves 12 for the accomodation of the parallel legs 13 Of a lever 14, the lever legs being connected at their upper ends by a cross-bar which latter, when the lever 14-is pivotally connected with the plug by means of a pin 16 passing through perforation 17 near the upper ends of the leverlegs 13, will be in position to engage one end of the slide plate 8 as clearly shown in Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6. The lower end portions of the lever legs are adapted, under certain conditions, to enter notches'18 in the lock shell 1, as shown in Figurel 2. spring pressed plunger 19 mounted in thev plug bears against one leg of the'lever 14 and tends normally to ress the lower portion of,

the lever backwar ly.

\ the lock shell 1, it will be impossible to so turn the plug 2 (without the use of a proper key) as to prevent side pressure o n the pins necessary to hold them back when attempt is made to force them back, one by one, with the use of a picking tool inserted into the key-slot 5 ofthe plug. p

When a proper key is inserted into the plug, the tumblers will be so actuated as to the lever legs 13 out of the notches 18 of the lock shell or casing 1, as shown in Figure 1, and thus permit the turning of the plug with the use of a key. When the key is withf drawn the pin tumblers will be forced to the unlocking positions shown in Figure 2 and in moving to such positions, the walls of the annular grooves 11 near the upper ends of Ythe pin tumblers will engage walls of the openings 9 in the slide plate, thuscausing the latter to move longitudinally and impart motion to the locking lever 14 against the resistance of the spring plunger 19 and forceA the lower ends of the locking lever legs 13 into the notches 18 in the lockshell or casing 1, and thus the plug will be locked against rotation. l

In order to prevent longitudinal displacement of the plug, the latter is provided at one end-with a flange 20 entering a suitable recess in the lock shell or casing 1 and tothe other end of said plug, a cap or stop 21 is secured and adapted to engage the rear end of the lock shell or casing.

Various changes might be made in the details of construction of my invention With- `out departing from the spirit of the latter or. limiting its scope and hence l do not wish to restrict myself to the precise details herein set forth. M

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: A

1. ln a pin tumbler lock, the combination 'with a shell or casing, a plug and pinV tumblers, of a lever carried by the plug and adapted to lieK normally in locked engagement with the shell or casing, a slide cooperable with said lever and with the pin tumblers, and a spring device carried by the plug and normally tending Ato move the lever out of locked relation to the shell or casing. y l

2. In a pin tumbler lock, the combination with a shell or casingand a plug, ofpin tumblers carried by thel plug and provided with annulargrooves, spring pressed drivers for said tumblers, a slide having holes through which said drivers pass when the parts are inv locked positions, a locking lever pivoted to the plug and engaging said slide,A the shell or casing being notched to receive said lever to lock the plug a ainst rotative' movement, and spring presse means engaging said lever and adapted to move the same out of locked relation to the shell or casing when the grooved portions lof the tumblers are brought into alignment inthe holes of said slide.

1n testimony whereof, l have signed this specification in the presence 0f two subscribing witnesses.

Y ELI EPSTEN. Witnesses ERNEST SIEFERT, ACHARLES A.. BERRY. 

